Assert the moderation state shown for the content item on screen, through core content moderation's control form (the "Moderation state: Draft" block an editor sees under a moderated item), the state badge of the Navigation top bar, or, on the node form, the "Save as" selection.
Examples
Then the content moderation state should be "Draft"
And the moderation state should be "Published"
Then the content moderation state should not be "Published"
And the moderation state should be "In review"
Then the moderation state should not be "Archived"
Pattern
Then(/^the (?:content )?moderation state should( not)* be "([^"]*)"$/, …)
Part of @webship-js/drupal-core-steps (github.com/webship/drupal-core-steps), a step pack for Webship-js 2.0.x.